13 results
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - ... • Hypovolemic: Diuretics ... osmotic (solute) diuresis ... Hypervolemic: Conn ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... liver cirrhosis, chronic ... nephrotic syndrome • Hyponatremia ... and euvolemic hyponatremia ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Hypernatremia Management Algorithm
Acute vs Chronic
Calculate Losses
 • Current water Deficit
 • Ongoing Free water Losses
 •
Hypernatremia Management ... Algorithm Acute vs Chronic ... Medicine @SCVMCMed #Hypernatremia ... #Management #Algorithm ... #treatment #nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... : • Acute or chronic ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Diuresis in Critical Care - Achieving a Negative Fluid Balance
Advantages Of A Negative Fluid Balance:
 •
Diuresis in Critical ... , address diuretic ... , & to correct hyponatremia ... Early nephrologv ... Fluid #Balance #management
Hyponatremia Correction
1. Indications for Hypertonic Saline: seizure, coma, focal findings
   - typically occurs with
Hyponatremia Correction ... Overcorrection of Hyponatremia ... 3cc/kg/h, loop diuretics ... Correction #goal #rate #management ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis and Treatment
Hypernatremia is almost always due to unreplaced water loss (free water
Hypernatremia - ... unavailable 2) Osmotic Diuresis ... correction of chronic ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... caused by the inability ... correction of chronic ... Diagnosis #Treatment #management ... #nephrology #sodium
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
Treatment Options Stabilize ... function) - Loop diuretic ... #Hyperkalemia #management ... #potassium #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Algorithm Isotonic Hyponatremia ... • Hypovolemia: Diuretics ... Nephrotic Syndrome, Chronic ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology