2901 results
Causes of Enuresis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Nocturnal Enuresis (Urinary Control Never Achieved)
 • Delayed Maturation
Causes of Enuresis ... Primary Nocturnal Enuresis ... Secondary Nocturnal Enuresis ... Flag) (>6 Month Continence ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Sensitivity Specificity False-Positive False-Negative Contingency Table / confusion matrix

Sensitivity refers to the test's ability to correctly
False-Negative Contingency ... FalseNegative #Contingency
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine Output > 3L /day
Water Diuresis (Urine Osm <100 mOsm/kg)
 • Primary
3L /day Water Diuresis ... Insipidus Mixed Diuresis ... Failure Solute Diuresis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Solute Diuresis
 • Na intake/saline
 • Glucosuria: Hyperglycemia, SGLT-2 inhibitors
 • Urea: Exogenous
Diagnosis Solute Diuresis ... Mannitol use Water Diuresis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Drugs Causing Acute Pancreatitis

Class Ia: The medications in which there was a rechallenge and other causes
rechallenge and other causes ... out other common causes ... Class II: Cases ... and atleast4 case ... #Pancreatitis #Causes
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Diuretics • Osmotic diuresis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Causes of Erythema ... Mnemonic NO cause ... found in 60% of cases ... Nodosum #Mnemonic #Causes
Fecal Incontinence - Pathogenesis and Complications
Continence mechanisms are impaired
 • Local neuronal damage
 • External and
Complications Continence ... sphincter impairment Continence
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Low intake 
• poor oral intake 

Renal loss 
• Medication 
• Hypomagnesemia 
•
Hypomagnesemia • Osmotic diuresis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
URT inflammation causes ... within GI and URT causes ... Maternal viremia causes ... Hematogenous spread causes ... evasion techniques cause