11 results
Initial Clinical and Laboratory Data Base for Defining Major Syndromes in Nephrology

#Major #Syndromes #Nephrology #Diagnosis #Workup
in Nephrology ... #Major #Syndromes ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis ... #Workup #Differential ... #Table
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... and Workup Step ... Repeat the sodium ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... , Cushing syndrome ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
cell epithelial sodium ... of epithelial sodium ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential ... #Table
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
hand" ± Horner Syndrome ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #neurology #sensory ... #motor #arm #physicalexam
Adie's Pupil
What? Unknown nature & benign
 • Regular and mildly dilated pupil (4-6mm);
 • Light-near dissociaton;
Holmes-Adie Syndrome ... females Differential Diagnosis ... : • CN Ill Palsy ... #Adies #Pupil #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #ophthalmology
Ptosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Ptosis (Greek- to fall) Drooping of the upper eyelid that usually results
CN III palsy 2. ... • Third nerve palsy ... senile) change • Contact ... • Chalazion • Contact ... #Ptosis #neurology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
: SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #sodium ... #nephrology
One and a Half Syndrome on Physical Exam

This 28 year old patient presented to clinic with
One and a Half Syndrome ... with a right gaze palsy ... the hospital, diagnosed ... #PhysicalExam # ... ophthalmology #neurology
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
(SPS) - Diagnosis ... - Diagnosis: ... antibody that works ... others (botox, sodium ... Management #treatment #neurology