21 results
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
Pathogenesis and Ocular ... production -> Corneal ... conjunctiva and cornea ... blindness) • Corneal ... dryness of the cornea
Trachoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

 • Environmental Factors -> Bacterial infection is encouraged by poor hygiene
from nasal or ocular ... of the limbal cornea ... the peripheral cornea ... fibrosis => • Corneal ... Trachoma #Chlamydia #pathophysiology
Keratoconus: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Genetics
 • Family history of keratoconus
 • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
 • Down, Turner,
, Marfan syndromes ... Bilateral, asymmetric corneal ... degeneration, and cone-shaped ... • Corneal Opacities ... #Keratoconus #pathophysiology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner ... syndrome, history ... • Meningeal signs ... Systemic symptoms and signs ... lesion • CNS infection
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
Impaired extra-ocular ... Proptosis -> Exposes cornea ... -> Corneal drying ... Orbital #Cellulitis #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
Photophobia and Headache ... photophobia and headache ... hypothalamus, and visual cortex ... meningeal irritation signs ... glaucoma - Ocular
Astigmatism: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Astigmatism - deviation from spherical curvature of the lens or eye

Refracting power
Refracting power of the cornea ... rule astigmatism: cornea ... rule astigmatism: cornea ... passing through the cornea ... • Ocular fatigue
Signs and Symptoms Associated With Different Headache Etiologies
 • Nonfocal mental status changes - Meningitis, encephalitis,
Signs and Symptoms ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Tentorial pressure cone ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... #signs #symptoms
Acute Retroviral Syndrome
Acute Retroviral Syndrome is the symptomatic presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

 •
Acute Retroviral Syndrome ... Acute Retroviral Syndrome ... Symptoms: • Headache ... symptoms • Severe headache ... • HIV-1 p24 core
Fever Patterns - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Continuous Fever:
Temp > 38°C with only 1 degree fluctuation in 24
disease • Behcet's syndrome ... • Hyper-IgD syndrome ... days • Tick-borne ... fever • Louse-borne ... Brucellosis Faget's Sign