172 results
Schizophrenia: Pathogenesis and Symptoms
Increased dopaminergic transmission in mesolimbic projection
-> Dopaminergic neurons here project into the limbic
is thought to cause ... into the cerebral cortex ... is thought to cause ... Schizophrenia #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
• Significant cause ... most frequent cause ... damage & blindness Signs ... obstruction • Corneal ... ClosedAngle #Glaucoma #pathophysiology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... → Syncope • Signs ... pulse rate - Core ... with exercise - Core ... Criteria: - Core
Xeropthalmia: Pathogenesis and Ocular Manifestations

Decr Visual pigment -> Keratinization, thickening & non-wetting of the conjunctiva
production -> Corneal ... conjunctiva and cornea ... blindness) • Corneal ... dryness of the cornea ... #Xeropthalmia #pathophysiology
Red Eye - Differential Diagnosis
Lids:
 • Stye (a.k.a. hordeolum)
 • Chalazion
 • Blepharitis
 • Periorbital cellulitis
Conjunctiva
hemorrhage • Dry eyes Cornea ... : • Corneal abrasion ... Keratitis (i.e. corneal ... Diagnosis #table #causes
Trachoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

 • Environmental Factors -> Bacterial infection is encouraged by poor hygiene
of the limbal cornea ... the peripheral cornea ... fibrosis => • Corneal ... Trachoma #Chlamydia #pathophysiology
Keratoconus: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Genetics
 • Family history of keratoconus
 • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
 • Down, Turner,
Bilateral, asymmetric corneal ... degeneration, and cone-shaped ... • Rizutti's Sign ... • Corneal Opacities ... #Keratoconus #pathophysiology
Bell's palsy
There are many different causes of Facial Nerve Palsy. However, the commonest
cause of unilateral facial
many different causes ... the commonest cause ... Hyperacusis - Loss of Corneal ... Palsy #Neurology #Signs
Vision Loss - Differential Diagnosis
Chronic: 
  - Cornea: Scarring, Edema
  - Lens: Cataracts
Chronic: - Cornea ... Painful: Keratitis, Corneal ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
Proptosis -> Exposes cornea ... -> Corneal drying ... Orbital #Cellulitis #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs