12 results
Trendelenburg Gait: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Skeletal Pathology of the Hip
 • Arthritis
 • Congenital hip dysplasia
Compensatory muscular dysfunction ... medial rotation • Sacroiliac ... Trendelenburg #Gait #pathophysiology ... #causes #symptoms ... signs #diagnosis #msk
Sacroiliac Distraction Test

The examiner applies downward and lateral pressure to the bilateral ASIS , the effect
Sacroiliac Distraction ... reproduces pain symptoms ... SI Joint injury dysfunction ... physicalexam #hip #msk ... #sports #orthopedics
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... bladder/bowel dysfunction ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
For pituitary masses ... Signs / Symptoms ... Headaches • Nausea ... • Hypothalamic dysfunction ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Chronic Hypertensive Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Ophthalmic Artery Hypertension
Stage 1: Mild/vasoconstrictive
 • Acute and chronic vasospasm
red-brown coloured -> Copper ... -> Cotton-wool Spots ... -> Elschnig's Spots ... #Retinopathy #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... Syncope • Signs/Symptoms ... pulse rate - Core ... CNS dysfunction ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... hepatocytes → Liver dysfunction ... postpartum): • Initial symptoms ... = nonspecific (nausea ... Antithrombin Ill • Ultrasound
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
bowel or bladder dysfunction ... monophasic Pathophysiology ... Bilateral signs and/or symptoms ... Vitamin B12 and copper ... • Infectious causes
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... : 1) T-cell dysfunction ... are not caused ... patients have no symptoms ... anterior/posterior MSK
Paget’s Disease: Complications
Abnormal Osteoclasts cause excessive bone turnover -> Incr bone resorption, Incr (abnormal) bone formation

MSK
Abnormal Osteoclasts cause ... bone formation MSK ... middle ear dysfunction ... PagetsDisease #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms