9 results
Causes of Copper Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis
Hereditary: 
 - Menkes disease, familial hypoceruloplasminemia
Decreased / Inadequate Intake:
Causes of Copper ... ulcerative colitis, Crohn's ... zinc ingestion (e.g ... supplementation) or iron ... #Diagnosis #nutrition
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Diet: ↓ Intake, e.g. vegan, Malnutrition, Polyphenol / tannins, ↓ Vitamin
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... Inflammation: IBD ... #Deficiency #Causes ... #differential #diagnosis ... #anemia #nutrition
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure - Diagnosis and Treatment Algorithm
Diagnosis: Ferritin <100 ng/mL (absolute ID) OR
Iron Deficiency ... with iron deficiency ... #deficiency #CHF ... #management #algorithm ... #cardiology #treatment
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Iron Deficiency ... → Inflammation causes ... release Diagnosis ... #deficiency #CHF ... #management #cardiology
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency
Etiology:
 • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency ... • Common Causes ... diarrhea related to IBD ... #diagnosis #management ... #nutrition
Occult and Lower Gastronintestinal Bleed - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Occult (Stool + Occult blood and/or iron deficiency
Occult blood and/or iron ... deficiency anemia ... , asymptomatic IBD ... bowel source (e.g ... #Algorithm #Causes
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
than 2/3 of the cross-sectional ... • Infectious causes ... antibodies • Nutritional ... Deficiency: - ... #management #neurology
Peripartum Cardiomyopathy - Summary
1. Definition
 • Towards the end of pregnancy to 5 months postpartum
exclude other causes ... Differential Diagnosis ... May have typical HF ... Avoid ARBs • ICD ... #management #cardiology
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
Platelet Disorders • Nutritional ... or folic acid deficiency ... treatments • Copper ... rings of excess iron ... Myelodysplastic #Syndromes #diagnosis