12 results
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
• Malignancy (Marantic ... Aspergillus • Cryptococcus ... Septic Emboli Cause ... also embolize: Marantic ... Treat underlying cause
Causes of Culture Negative Abscess - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Consider prior antibiotics as a cause of a
Causes of Culture ... negative culture Brain ... : Aspergillus, Cryptococcus ... nocardia - Fungal: Cryptococcus ... Coccidiomycosis, Cryptococcus
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
valves • MRI brain ... in up to 30% of cases ... often seen • MRI brain ... infective #NBTE #Marantic ... #diagnosis #table
Differential Diagnosis for Concurrent Brain and Lung Infections
 • Bacteria: Strep anginosus, Staph aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae
for Concurrent Brain ... phenomena from endocarditis ... Mucormycosis, Cryptococcus ... @ID_fellows #Brain ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Concurrent Brain and Lung Lesions
 • Bacteria: Nocardia spp, Strep anginosus, Staph aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae (hypervirulent),
Concurrent Brain ... phenomena from endocarditis ... Mucormycosis, Cryptococcus ... febrilepodcast #Brain ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
Concurrent Brain and Lung Lesions
 • Bacteria: Nocardia spp, Strep anginosus, Staph aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae (hypervirulent),
Concurrent Brain ... phenomena from endocarditis ... Mucormycosis, Cryptococcus ... febrilepodcast #Brain ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
histoplasmosis, cryptococcus ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
Endocarditis - Overview ... • Malignancy (Marantic ... Aspergillus • Cryptococcus ... Septic emboli cause ... Treat underlying cause
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... antibiotics once stable ... shows a small, stable ... Dermatitidis - Cryptococcus ... #differential #causes
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
Fluconazole CRYPTOCOCCUS ... level, presence of cryptococcal ... CSF and serum Cryptococcal ... • Sinusitis • Brain ... arthritis, and endocarditis