13 results
Important Fungal Stains
Mycology Lab:
 • Calcofluor white - Fluorochrome that binds glucans and chitin in fungal
polysaccharide capsule of Cryptococcus ... detection for cryptococcal ... mucopolysaccharide capsule of Cryptococcus ... fungi #fungus #comparison ... #table
Fungal Pneumonias - Diagnosis Comparison Table
 • Aspergillus
 • Blastomyces
 • Candida
 • Coccidioides
 • Cryptococcus
Pneumonias - Diagnosis Comparison ... Table • Aspergillus ... Coccidioides • Cryptococcus ... Pneumonias #Diagnosis #Comparison ... #Table #microbiology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
CNS Ring-Enhancing ... + toxo IgG • CNS ... 30% present w/ CNS ... histoplasmosis, cryptococcus ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Multiple Cranial Neuropathies - High Yield Differential Diagnosis
 • Intrinsic brainstem process
 • Compressive brainstem process
Neurosarcoidosis • CNS ... VZV, syphilis, cryptococcus ... rarely botulism) Casey ... Differential #Diagnosis #causes
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
CNS Infection in ... present in 15% of cases ... Demyelinating disease caused ... culture positive Cryptococcal ... lesions • CSF cryptococcal
Common Fungal Pathology 
 • Candida - Small yeast intermingled with pseudohyphae
 • Aspergillosis - Septate
broad based bud • Cryptococcus ... clinical #microscopy #table ... #atlas #key #comparison
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
pneumonia (PJP), MAI, Cryptococcal ... nodules, plaques) Cryptococcus ... Lymphadenopathy, CNS ... Legionella: • Nausea ... factor • May cause
Lung Abscess - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Lung Abscess Etiology:
 • Necrosis of lung parenchyma by a
• Most common cause ... antibiotics once stable ... shows a small, stable ... Dermatitidis - Cryptococcus ... #differential #causes
Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome - Overview of IRIS

What Is IRIS?
	• A state of hyperinflammatory response that
pleural effusions, CNS ... cavitation • Cryptococcus ... unintentional weight loss, nausea ... patient has known cryptococcal ... for most OI • Cryptococcal
Invasive Fungal Infection (IFI)

Invasive fungal infections are severe infections in which fungal pathogens invade normally sterile
(most frequent cause ... pulmonary infections) Cryptococcus ... species (commonly CNS ... galactomannan, cryptococcal