14 results
Myocarditis
Diagnosis 
• Endomyocardial biopsy (gold standard, rarely performed) 
• Clinical presentation 
• Cardiovascular MRI 
Clinical 
•
Myocarditis Diagnosis ... intolerance • Chest ... gallop • Abnormal ECG ... , echocardiogram ... shock, sudden cardiac
Cardiac Tamponade - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Caused by an accumulation of blood, pus, effusion fluid
Cardiac Tamponade ... Plan definitive management ... ultrasound to identify pericardial ... toward the largest pericardial ... #Management #Workup
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential Diagnosis ... of lactate as a clinical ... perfusion - Cardiac ... failure - Low cardiac ... - Cocaine - Cyanide
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
(UPC) ratio • Cardiac ... o infection • Echocardiogram ... EGPA (↓ LVEF, pericardial ... recent DAN) • EMG ... #management #treatment
Amyloidosis - Summary
Group of disorders associated with extracellular deposition of fibrils formed from low-molecular-weight proteins in
configuration Types ... Clinical suspicion ... LVH, low-voltage EKG ... Testing: • EKG ... • Echocardiogram
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Fraction (HFrEF) Clinical ... un lymphatic Diagnostic ... Chest x-ray: signs ... Consider cardiac ... #management #cardiology
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
Obtain EKG if: ... Change in clinical ... change CV risk Chest ... medical and surgical management ... stratification #diagnosis