45 results
Myocarditis - Diagnosis and Causes
 • Clinical presentation: Pseudo-acute coronary syndrome, Cardiac failure <3 rnonths, Cardiogenic
Clinical presentation ... Pseudo-acute coronary syndrome ... Recent flu-like syndrome ... Paraclinical assessment: EKG ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Alkalosis - Differential ... Diagnosis Chloride ... Chloruretic drugs (eg ... dehydrogenase type ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
- Cirrhosis Syndrome ... - Malignancy (e.g ... CNS pathology (e.g ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Hyperglycemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Diabetes Mellitus:
 • Impaired Glucose Tolerance
 • Type I Diabetes
 • Type
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tolerance • Type ... • Cushing's Syndrome ... Hyperglycemia (e.g ... endocrinology #causes
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
cardiac syncope, e.g ... carotid sinus syndrome ... orthostatic vital sign ... and an initial ECG ... should be guided by clinical
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
polyneuropathy (e.g ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview
Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands
Hypoxemia - low
stagnant hypoxia (e.g ... carrying capacity (e.g ... cannot use oxygen (e.g ... . cyanide toxicity ... #diagnosis #causes
Causes of Acute Pericarditis:

Infectious;

Viral: 
Adenovirus 
Coxsackie virus A and B 
Echovirus 
Epstein-Barr virus 
Hepatitis 
Human immunodeficiency
Causes of Acute ... Cardiac injury (e.g ... perforation (e.g ... #Pericarditis #Differential ... #Diagnosis
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
IV Mg infusion (e.g ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... #Diagnosis #High ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Causes #Management
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid hormone–dependent
Primary hyperparathyroidism
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
Lithium-associated
Tertiary hyperparathyroidism
Genetic disorders (e.g., multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 or
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Genetic disorders (e.g ... 1 or type 2A, familial ... #Differential # ... Diagnosis #Endocrinology