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Tachypnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Definitions
 • Tachypnea: Respiratory rate > 20/min, shallow breathing in adults
 •
20/min, shallow breathing ... in adults • Hyperpnea ... Pulmonary Causes ... Tachypnea: • Asthma ... • COPD • Pneumonia
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
(Hyperpnea, Hyperventilation ... has several causes ... asthma, chronic ... bronchitis, and COPD ... #Pulmonary #Abnormalities
COPD phenotypes:  Blue Bloaters vs. Pink Puffers
The two most stereotypical forms of COPD are pink
COPD phenotypes: ... stereotypical forms of COPD ... physiology and clinical ... overlap syndrome of COPD ... #Diagnosis #COPD
Pulmonary Pathology and Associated Lung Ultrasound Findings
Pneumothorax:
 - No lung sliding/barcode sign
 - Lung point (hard
pleura in severe cases ... lung sliding COPD ... or Asthma: - ... submassive PE) POCUS ... #signs #Lung #POCUS
Cryofibrinogenemia Summary

Cryofibrinogenemia Epidemiology:
 • 40-70 years with a modest female predominance

Cryofibrinogenemia:
 • The precipitation of a
Cryofibrinogen is a cold ... - Albumin - Cold ... may include: • Cold ... thrombophlebitis, pulmonary ... cryoglobulins • Negative causes
A-Lines vs B-Lines on Lung POCUS
A-Lines:
 • Predominately horizontal lines
 • A-lines are repeated horizontal &
B-Lines on Lung POCUS ... in dry lungs, asthma ... , COPD and also ... #BLines #Lung #POCUS ... #pulmonary #clinical
Pneumothorax on Lung POCUS

A young male presents with acute onset right sided chest pain and shortness
Pneumothorax on Lung POCUS ... line (nl lung, asthma ... , copd, ptx). ... Sliding #Ultrasound #clinical ... #Labeled #Pulmonary
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
e.g., uptake by cells ... of lactate as a clinical ... / hypoxemia -> focus ... Seizures - Severe asthma ... output - Acute pulmonary
Beyond the classic trauma patient during your E-Fast Exam, who else does the Sono-Pros scan?
- Primary
not limited to COPD ... , acute severe asthma ... forget iatrogenic causes ... #pneumothorax #POCUS ... #pulmonary #lung