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Emergency Management of Hyperkalemia in Adults
Assess Patient - Airway Breathing Circulation Disability Exposure (ABCDE) Approach
 •
Management of Hyperkalemia ... mmol/L - Consider cause ... /L - Treatment guided ... Prevention - Consider cause ... #management #algorithm
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
desired serum K ... constipation, diarrhea, nausea ... ); nausea, vomiting ... #medications #pharmacology ... #table #comparison
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Etiology: • Medications ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... STOP offending medications ... for a definitive guide
Overview guide to looking for causes to hyponatremia. Visit gramproject.com for more medical diagrams, tables and
Overview guide to ... looking for causes ... medical diagrams, tables ... #algorithm #differential ... #causes #hyponatremia
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia
The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
Medications for ... Figure 3 is an algorithm ... , and Table 3 summarizes ... medications used ... #Management #Medications
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... differential #diagnosis #table
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Inhibitors of Na+K+ ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Kidney stones caused ... #Pharmacology #Medications ... #Table
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... Tubulopathy: urine K/ ... Other medications ... continued in most cases ... #differential #algorithm
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
useful framework to guide ... the determined cause ... #differential #algorithm ... cardiology #treatment #table