15 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... Hypermagnesemia, Hypothyroidism ... Hypomagnesemia, Hyperthyroidism ... Testing #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #table
Woltman’s sign on Physical Exam

53-year-old man presented with fatigue and sensitivity to cold. A physical examination
evaluation confirmed a diagnosis ... of primary hypothyroidism ... #PhysicalExam #Hypothyroidism ... Delayed #Clinical #Video ... #Neurology #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Hypercalcemia ... Addison's disease, Hyperthyroidism ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #calcium ... #high #endocrinology
Sellar / Pituitary Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Adenoma - Primary Anterior Pituitary
 - Secreting
Pituitary Mass - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Meningioma • Cyst ... Hypothyroidism) ... #endocrinology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Diagnosis Approach ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... : Hypothyroidism
Differential diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
Nodular LCH:
- Sarcoidosis: perilymphatic distribution.
- Metastases: random distribution.
Cystic LCH:
- LAM: round
Differential diagnosis ... : - LAM: round cysts ... : 'signet ring sign ... #Differential # ... Comparison #Table
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... vitamin A intake • Hyperthyroidism ... #Causes #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #differential
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
Diagnosis: ... ↑ T3 - Mild hypercalcemia ... #causes #diagnosis ... #differential # ... endocrinology #signs
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Hypertension - Differential ... Diagnosis and Screening ... (correction of hypokalemia ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... Screening #Workup #table
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... Endocrine: Hypo/Hyperthyroidism ... /Late - Hypercalcemia ... Cast formation: