165 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... - AKI Workup Algorithm ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... #causes
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Polyuria - Urine Output > 3L/day, Increased Urine Volume (>2ml/min)
Osmotic
Causes of Polyuria ... Water Deprivation Test ... Water Deprivation Test ... >50% - Proper kidney ... #Polyuria #Nephrology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... Nephritic syndromedue ... RBC casts in urine ... #Glomerular #Diseases ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Disease Associations ... and concentrated urine ... broad - Advanced kidney ... disease Red blood ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)
1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? 
Is there a dialysis indication
Approach to Acute Kidney ... require urgent nephrology ... are caused by prerenal ... IMPROVEMENT If the urine ... KidneyInjury #simplified #workup
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
basement membrane disease ... - Alport syndrome ... pain hematuria syndrome ... of glomerular disease ... #urology #nephrology
Causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is classified into pre-renal, renal, and post-renal causes. Renal
kidney injury (AKI ... classified into pre-renal ... components of the kidney ... and interstitial disease ... #Sites #Nephrology
Gastrointestinal Evaluation of Iron Deficiency Anemia
In patients with anemia, diagnose iron deficiency if:
 • Ferritin <
inflammation or chronic kidney ... celiac disease ... with serology first ... biopsy only if serology ... Gastrointestinal #Evaluation #workup
Workup of Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High or Normal PTH:
 • Hyperparathyroidism: Parathyroid adenoma, Parathyroid hyperplasia,
Workup of Hypercalcemia ... , Milk Alkali Syndrome ... , Viral Syndromes ... hypercalcemia Dr ... #nephrology #PTH
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Elevated Renin Urine ... excretion of Cl > 0.5% Clinical ... disease Renal Imaging ... #nephrology