114 results
Chronic Shoulder Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
4 tests for the AC joint:
1. Direct palpation
2. Cross-arm shoulder
Diagnosis Algorithm 4 tests ... Direct palpation ... after cross-arm test ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #MSK
Marcus Gunn Pupil - Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect (RAPD)
Definition: Afferent loop of the pupillary light reflex
Afferent Pupillary Defect ... Optic nerve* (main cause ... neuritis due to MS ... How to test it? ... Afferent #Pupillary #Defect
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
Afferent Pupillary Defect ... alternating light test ... swinging-flashlight test ... afferent pupillary defect ... regarding the cause
Rotator Cuff Syndrome - SITS
Supraspinatus, Infraspinatus, Teres minor, and Subscapularis.
Causes: Calcific supraspinatus tendinitis 
Signs: painful abduction
Causes: Calcific ... arm, empty can test ... diagnosis #sports #MSK
Positive Lachman test in ACL Injury

Here is an exam of a patient under anesthesia with an
Positive Lachman test ... That causes the ... #Lachmans #test ... cruciate #ligament #msk
USMLE Epidemiology and Biostatistics Summary
Meta-Analysis: pools data from several studies (greater power), limited by quality/bias of
Proves cause-effect ... disease who test ... then all negative tests ... then all positive tests ... Type I (α) error: reject
Froment’s Test for Ulnar Nerve Palsy

This tests for pinch grip weakness caused by ulnar nerve palsy,
Froment’s Test for ... Palsy This tests ... grip weakness caused ... Froments #Sign #Test ... #physicalexam #msk
Hearing Loss - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hearing Loss Types:
• Conductive
• Sensorineural
• Mixed
Presbycusis is the most common type
whispered voice test ... and stroke may affect ... Sensorineural problems affect ... cause unknown) ... Noise trauma ○ MS
Cold Urticaria
Prevalence - 0.05% in the population
Disease onset - Mostly 2nd to 4th decades of life
Causes
decades of life Causes ... Disease trigger - Direct ... vertigo Diagnostic tests ... - Ice cube test ... , TempTest test
Pathologic / Fragility Fractures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Tumours
 - See Bone Lesions Scheme
Paget's Disease
 -
Mineralization Defect ... Fractures #Pathologic #MSK ... #Orthopedics #Causes