25 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #causes
Kussmaul's Sign - Differential Diagnosis

Typically the JVP decreases with inspiration as the negative intrathoracic pressure "sucks
Kussmaul's Sign ... Kussmaul's sign ... Kussmaul's sign ... #physicalexam # ... #causes
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... • Neurological deficits ... • Meningeal signs ... Systemic symptoms and signs ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect

This maneuver of intermittent light stimulus is called the alternating light test or
Afferent Pupillary Defect ... It is a clear sign ... regarding the cause ... #Neurology #Clinical ... Pupils #MacrusGunn #PhysicalExam
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... pain hematuria syndrome ... hematuria • Signs ... #Hematuria #Differential ... #urology #nephrology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
involvement: Intractable nausea ... Other brainstem syndromes ... Motor and sensory deficits ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Neurologic disorders ... #Differential #
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
maintained fever CAUSES ... hyperthermia crisis (late sign ... • Serotonin syndrome ... Phaeochromocytoma Neurologic ... #Hyperthermia #Differential
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome ... high WBC count cause ... fever - ACS, AKI ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... diagnosis #management #hematology
Myasthenia Gravis Overview

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction.  Ab to
Paraneoplastic effects ... life-threatening Differential ... test - Cogan sign ... - Peek sign ... diagnosis #management #neurology