26 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
Diagnosis Algorithm ... history of cancer, HIV ... • Neurological deficits ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Back Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Always assess for red flags. If no red flags,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... age >50, <18, IV ... use, neuromotor deficits ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Clinically Important Vitamins and Vitamin Deficiency States
Fat-soluble Vitamins: 
 • Vitamin A - Xerophthalmia, night blindness,
Clinically Important ... Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome ... Anaemia, neural tube defects ... #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #nutrition
Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION) - Recognition of giant cell arteritis (GCA)

1) Is visual loss caused
field: altitudinal defect ... Clinical manifestations ... Doppler US : halo sign ... PET/CT: aortitis ... #Algorithm
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm ... Diagnosis Baseline ... investigations depending on clinical ... context and signs ... hepatitis serology, HIV
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... (IRIS): • In HIV ... lymphadenopathy, pulmonary ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis ... #differential #
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Clinical Features ... Restrictive lung defect ... Demyelinating syndromes ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis
Bronchiectasis - Summary

What?
• Bronchiectasis is derived from the Greek words bronckos meaning airway and ectasis meaning
inflammation Symptoms ... Nasal polyps and signs ... high-resolution chest CT ... , CCP, ANCA • HIV ... #differential #
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
/ AIDS - Differential ... should be based on clinical ... enhancement on CT ... : AMS, motor deficits ... CNS #Infections #differential
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... Afferent pupillary defect ... SIGNS/SYMPTOMS ... Signs and symptoms ... • Acute: - IV