39 results
Total Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return (TAPVR)
 • Introduction
 • Classification
 • Pathophysiology of TAPVR
 • Presentation
Total Anomalous Pulmonary ... Classification • Pathophysiology ... Classic “snowman sign ... Pre-Operative Management ... Total #Anomalous #Pulmonary
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Diagnosis and Management ... cirrhosis • Intra-pulmonary ... perfusion scanning or pulmonary ... ) on room air Treatment ... #treatment #hepatology
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
cases Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... symptoms of active pulmonary ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... for concomitant pulmonary
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) and Pulmonary Thromboendarterectomy
Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Definition: mean pulmonary-artery pressure > 25mmHg
Thromboembolic Pulmonary ... embolism Pathophysiology ... multiple bilateral defects ... Bypass Other Treatment ... Thromboendarterectomy #diagnosis #management
Pituitary Mass Effects - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Pituitary turnors are almost always a benign
Pituitary Mass Effects ... adenomas that require treatment ... Signs / Symptoms ... #SideEffects #endocrinology ... mnemonic #GLFTAP #pathophysiology
Severe Asthma Exacerbation
Signs of a Severe Asthma Exacerbation:
 • Vitals: ↑HR ↑RR ↓SpO2
 • High work
Exacerbation Signs ... of baseline Treatments ... #CriticalCare #pulmonary ... ventilation #mechanical #management ... #treatment
Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction: Management Principles

General Therapeutic Principles:
Reduce the congestive state 
 - Caution
Ejection Fraction: Management ... angina equivalent" Detect ... hypertension, pulmonary ... ineffective) #Management ... dCHF #Diastolic #Treatment
Euglycemic Diabetic Ketoacidosis (EuDKA)
SGLT2 Inhibitors
Increasing Indications
Significant Adverse Drug Effects
Definition of EuDKA
 • Metabolic acidosis with pH
Significant Adverse Drug Effects ... level < 200 mg/dL Pathophysiology ... EuDKA #diagnosis #management ... #endocrinology
Acromegaly - Diagnosis and Management Summary - GrepMed Handbook 

Clinical Presentation: 
 • Classic Acromegaly: frontal
Diagnosis and Management ... malignancy Pathophysiology ... MRI+contrast Management ... #Endocrinology ... #Treatment #Pathophysiology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... organ damage • Treatment ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology ... TLS #diagnosis #management