115 results
Primary and Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary (Essential) (95%) - Onset between age
Algorithm Primary ... Medications - Renal ... • Renal parenchymal ... and bilateral renal ... excess (Cushing syndrome
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Secondary Causes ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Hypertension ... multi-drug resistance) Renal ... #Algorithm #Causes
Evaluation of Secondary Hypertension
 • Primary aldosteronism - PRA, PAC
 • Renal artery stenosis - Renal
Evaluation of Secondary ... Hypertension • ... - PRA, PAC • Renal ... artery stenosis - Renal ... Evaluation #workup #diagnosis
Hypertension and Altered Mental Status (AMS) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Hypertension:
 • Hypertensive emergency
 • Hypertensive encephalopathy
- Differential Diagnosis ... Pre-Eclampsia Renal ... Acute/Chronic renal ... failure • Renal ... • Scleroderma renal
Secondary Causes of Hypertension
Renal hypertension 
Endocrine hypertension 
Cardiovascular hypertension 
Neurogenic hypertension 
Hypertension in pregnancy 
Toxic agent-induced
Secondary Causes ... of Hypertension ... Renal hypertension ... #Secondary # ... #Causes #Diagnosis
Complications of Portal Hypertension
 • Hepatic Encephalopathy
 • Pulmonary: Hepatopulmonary syndrome, Portopulmonary hypertension, Hepatic hydrothorax
 •
Hepatopulmonary syndrome ... Portopulmonary hypertension ... Pancytopenia • Renal ... : Hepatorenal syndrome ... Complications #hepatology #diagnosis
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Defining ... the existence of hypertension ... gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... hypokalemia • Renal
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #causes
Secondary causes of Hypertension
 • Medications, Drugs, Chemo: NSAIDS, Steroids, CNI, Alcohol, Cocaine, OCP, Licorice, MAOI,
Secondary causes ... of Hypertension ... Pseudoephedrine • Primary Renal ... #causes #Hypertension ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... and Differential Diagnosis ... eg, presence of renal ... • Vascular: Renal ... Renal parenchymal