10 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... disc herniation (central ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... #MSK #pathophysiology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... , and possibly renal ... are not caused ... Self-limiting, chronic but stable ... General: fever,
Major Segments of the Nephron and their Functions 
 - Glomerulus - Formation of glomerular filtrate
organic acids and bases ... and Mg2+ - Distal ... Segments #Function #Pathophysiology ... #Tubules #Table ... #Pharmacology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Seizures • Altered mental ... Presentation: • Altered mental ... Etiology: • Pathophysiology ... Neurological symptoms ... the underlying cause
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... Kidney stones caused ... Desmopressin (DDAVP) • Central ... Diuresis #Nephrology #Pharmacology ... #Medications #Table
Sjogren's Syndrome Overview

Epidemiology:
• F > M: 9:1
• 5-6th Decades (can be any age)

Autoimmune exocrinopathy multisystemic disease
Hypocomplementemia • Can cause ... Xerostomia • Dental ... Involvement: • Central ... lubricants • Pharmacologic ... #Rheumatology #
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
tract, and often causes ... gastrointestinal, and/or central ... • Cogan Syndrome ... Presentation - Systemic Symptoms ... differential #diagnosis #rheumatology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
Angiitis of the Central ... • Progressive symptoms ... tract, and often causes ... gastrointestinal, and/or central ... Differential #Diagnosis #Rheumatology
It is important to recognize Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF) as more than just simply a
fatigue, altered mental ... acute coronary syndrome ... the determined cause ... cardiology #treatment #table ... icu #clinical #pharmacology
Serotonin Syndrome: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Serotonin Syndrome: Variable combination of mental status changes, autonomic instability, and
combination of mental ... ingestion and most cases ... amphetamines) • Altered Mental ... #Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis #Signs #Symptoms