13 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... Investigations: full blood ... screen, including blood ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... imaging #Acute #Kidney
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Kidney ... • Normal/low blood ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
carcinoma (native kidney ... (Goodpasture's syndrome ... #blood #urine # ... management #treatment ... #nephrology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
effective arterial blood ... ↑ Aldosterone: Kidney ... excess, Liddle syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric ... Kidney Stones Acute ... Managment: • Pain ... retrieve stone using urine ... #Pediatrics #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... • Diarrhea A urine ... losses: • High Blood ... • Low/Normal Blood
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... broad - Advanced kidney ... disease Red blood ... Glomerulonephritis White blood ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... Weakness - Dark urine ... UA positive for blood ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... hour with goal urine
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
disequilibrium syndrome ... irrigation • Management ... Prevention of blood ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
with previously stable ... heart failure, neurologic ... disturbance, or acute kidney ... hypertension (blood ... Neurologic disorders