17 results
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... eg, presence of renal ... bruit or signs ... : Renal artery stenosis ... Renal parenchymal
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
the existence of hypertension ... gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... hypokalemia • Renal ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... syndrome, Congenital adrenal
Blurry Vision - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Anatomical Approach to Eye Disease:
1. Lids/Lashes
2. Extraocular Muscles/Motility
3. Conjunctiva/Sclera
4. Cornea
5. Anterior
- Differential Diagnosis ... : • Detachment ... degeneration • Diabetic ... , hypertension, ... ophthalmology #causes
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Lung cancer • Renal ... if unexpected hypotension ... Hypoparathyroidism - Type 1 diabetes ... Orthostasis • Hypotension ... Serum DHEAS Diagnosis
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
3 months Pre-Renal ... Atheroemboli • Renal ... hypoperfusion Post-Renal ... Proteinuria) • Diabetes ... • Hypertension
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Immunosuppressive agents, Renal ... /Hypertensive emergency ... factor PRES Diagnosis ... the underlying cause ... with AEDs until cause
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... patient has good renal ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... orthostasis: postural hypotension ... endocrinology #diabetes
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Agents Regulating Renal ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Kidney stones caused ... Inhibitors of Renal ... #Diuretics #Renal
Pheochromocytoma - Diagnosis and Management Summary
10 percent rule = 10% of pheochromocytomas are extra-adrenal, multiple, bilateral,
pheochromocytomas are extra-adrenal ... malignant, pediatric cases ... Symptoms and Signs ... common symptoms and signs ... apparent type 2 diabetes
Symptoms and Signs of Hypokalemia
Cardiovascular
 - Hypertension
 - Orthostatic hypotension
 - Potentiation of digitalis toxicity
 -
Symptoms and Signs ... - Orthostatic hypotension ... distension - Ileus Renal ... - Nephrogenic diabetes ... #Diagnosis