9 results
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Algorithm Hypertonic ... syndrome - ... , Medications (diuretics ... #Algorithm #diagnosis ... #sodium #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or ... syndrome) • ADH ... differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
• Hypovolemia: Diuretics ... Syndrome, Chronic ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Algorithm Hypernatremia ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... >145 mmol/L High ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diagnosis of ... ; High-Ceiling Diuretics ... syndromeHyponatremia ... • Hypercalcemia ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Algorithm for patients ... with hypokalemia ... ↑ Aldosterone: Kidney ... #hypokalemia ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... urinary losses: • High ... Alkalosis: Emesis, Diuretics ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
Causes of Hyperkalemia
l. Pseudohyperkalemia
  A Cellular efflux; thrombocytosis, erythrocytosis, leukocytosis, in vitro hemolysis
  B.
radiocontrast, hypertonic ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #High #Potassium ... #Classification