8 results
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
Phosphate Excretion ... Acute Respiratory Alkalosis ... Phosphate Excretion ... • N Vitamin D: Primary ... #nephrology #phosphorus
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential # ... diagnosis
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... - Fractional excretion ... Ultrasound - No ... #Syndrome #Diagnosis ... #Workup #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Excretion Carbonic ... • Metabolic alkalosis ... • Diagnosis of ... Renal #Excretion ... #Diuresis #Nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Urine Fractional Excretion ... Glucose, Acute resp. alkalosis ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... Inh., Osmotic diuresis ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... suggests extra-renal ... : Emesis, Diuretics ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
: Differential Diagnosis ... after renal tubule ... furosemide-like lesion) • Gitelman ... other • Severe potassium ... #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Hyperuricemia • Hyponatremia ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... Monitor potassium ... Loop diuretics for ... causes #treatment #nephrology