Diagnosis peds syndrome table neurology nephrology classification management types causes diabetes magnesium hypomagnesemia hypermagnesemia high hypomg diuresis hypokalemia

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Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake
- Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)

Hypomagnesemia - ... Primary intestinal hypomagnesemia ... DrEricStrong #Hypomagnesemia ... #Table #Classification ... #hypomg

Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,

Differential Diagnosis ... with secondary, hypocalcemia ... renal transplant, Diuretic ... #causes #nephrology ... #magnesium #low

Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
-

and hypomagnesemia ... Topiramate Hypomagnesemia ... #hypomagnesemia ... #nephrology #Causes ... #hypomg

Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
- Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic

Causes of Hypokalemia ... (treatment of diabetic ... Alcoholism (worsened by hypomagnesemia ... Fever Other: - Hypomagnesemia ... #diagnosis #nephrology

Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K

Causes of Hypokalemia ... Renal K loss • Hypomagnesemia-induced ... tubular acidosis (type ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... #nephrology #potassium

Causes of Hypomagnesemia
• Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,

Causes of Hypomagnesemia ... Correction of diabetic ... aldosteronism #Hypomagnesemia ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #magnesium #low

Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome

, mild hypomagnesemia ... potassium wasting) • Hypomagnesemia ... • Potassium • Magnesium ... #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology

Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
• Glaucoma
• Epilepsy
• Altitude

• Diagnosis of ... irrigation • Management ... ; High-Ceiling Diuretics ... Kidney stones caused ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology

Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
• Lab error
• Traumatic venipuncture
• Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
•

• K sparing diuretics ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology

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