21 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Aldosterone: Liddle's Syndrome ... SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... excess, Liddle's syndrome ... Diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #nephrology #low
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Common Patterns on Urinalysis
 - Prerenal
 - ATN
 - AIN
 -
Acute Kidney Injury ... UTI - Nephrotic Syndrome ... - Nephritic Syndrome ... #table #comparison ... #nephrology
Causes of Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Infantile:
 • Benign Focal Epilepsy of Infancy
 • West
Infancy • West Syndrome ... • Dravet Syndrome ... Encephalitis Provoked - Metabolic ... Hyperglycemia • Hypocalcemia ... Algorithm #Causes #Peds
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine
Urine K+
Aldosterone: Cushing syndrome ... excess, Liddle syndrome ... deficiency, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #nephrology
Causes of Provoked Pediatric Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - "DIMS" Mnemonic
Drugs:
 • Drug overdose
 •
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Encephalitis Metabolic ... Hyperglycemia • Hypocalcemia ... • Sturge-Weber Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #Peds
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... vasoconstriction syndrome ... Neurocysticercosis, PML • Metabolic ... Hypomagnesemia, Hypocalcemia ... Algorithm #Causes #neurology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... • Gitelman's syndrome ... • Bartter syndrome ... tachycardia • Seizures ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Apparent Life Threatening Event (ALTE) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Congenital Heart Disease
 •
• Reye's Syndrome ... Disturbances Neurologic ... : • Seizure ... Algorithm #Causes #Peds ... #Pediatrics
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis