38 results
Congestive Heart Failure - Causes, Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
 • Dilated Cardiomyopathy 
 • Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
, Pathophysiology ... and Differential Diagnosis ... #Congestive #HeartFailure ... #Causes #Pathophysiology ... #cardiology #HFrEF
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
Heart Failure Pathophysiology ... → Inflammation causes ... improvement in symptoms ... deficiency #CHF #HFrEF #heartfailure ... #cardiology
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
Heart Failure - Pathophysiology ... and Differential Diagnosis ... #High #Output #HeartFailure ... #CHF #Pathophysiology ... #cardiology #causes
Traditionally, congestive heart failure has been classified according to severity of symptoms, first formulated by the
to severity of symptoms ... flare ups that cause ... III and class IV symptoms ... #Diagnosis #Cardiology ... CHF #Congestive #HeartFailure
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HOCM) - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis
 1. Wall thickness 215 mm (TTE/CT/MRI) 
 2. Absence
215 mm (TTE/CT/MRI ... Absence of Secondary Cause ... testing, LGE on MRI ... Prevention - Prevent Symptoms ... #Management #Cardiology
Restrictive Cardiomyopathy - Diagnosis and Causes
Clinical: Dyspnea, Exercise Intolerance, ↑ "Right Sided-Symptoms" (ascites, hepatomegaly, ↑↑peripheral edema)
Physical
Cardiomyopathy - Diagnosis ... and Causes Clinical ... ↑ "Right Sided-Symptoms ... Echocardiography, Cardiac MRI ... #cardiology #algorithm
Pericarditis can be seen on EKG with diffuse ST elevations without reciprocal changes along with diffuse
often follows a URI ... in refractory cases ... #Pericarditis #Cardiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Alzheimer's (99% of cases ... chromosome 21) Signs / Symptoms ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... suspected, immediate MRI ... Syndrome #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
Tuberculosis - Diagnosis ... extrapulmonary cases ... Clinical Signs/Symptoms ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... : - MRI is modality