22 results
Pacemaker Placement Indications
Class I:
 • Third degree block
 • Advanced 2nd degree block
 • Symptomatic Mobitz
Pacemaker Placement ... unclear origin • Sinus ... • Reversible causes ... BrighamMedRes #Pacemaker ... #Indications #PPM
Atrioventricular Blocks (AV blocks) - ECG Diagnosis Summary
First Degree AV Block
 • The P wave is
• During sinus ... • In sinus rhythm ... by a junctional pacemaker ... an infra-Hisian pacemaker ... electrocardiogram #classification
Arrhythmias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Bradyarrhythmia (<60 bpm)
 • Sinus Bradycardia
 • Sick Sinus Syndrome
 • SA
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome • SA Block ... • AV Block (ISt ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes
The 4 Variants of Sinus Arrhythmia
Phasic Sinus Arrhythmia:
 • The rate increases with respiration and decreases
4 Variants of Sinus ... normal • The PP ... presence of AV block ... Wandering Atrial Pacemaker ... several cycle the pacemaker
Bradycardia Diagnostic and Management Algorithm

CONSIDER ETIOLOGY (not inclusive): 
 - STRUCTURAL: sick sinus, AV block, ischemia,
and Management Algorithm ... STRUCTURAL: sick sinus ... , AV block, ischemia ... LIFE THREATENING CAUSES ... #Bradycardia #Algorithm
Anatomical Differential Diagnosis for Arrhythmias
 • SA node: Sinus bradycardia, Sick Sinus Syndrome (SSS)
 • AV
bradycardia, Sick Sinus ... rhythm, Conduction blocks ... system: Conduction blocks ... ventricular rate > 100 bpm ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Approach to ECGs - Tachy/Bradyarrhythmias
Tachyarrhythmias - HR > 100
Wide
  (1) VT - DANGER
  (2)
DANGER (2) Sinus ... Regular (1) Sinus ... HR < 60 (1) Sinus ... 200ms from longer pause ... - ventricular pacemaker
Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

BRADI Mnemonic
 • BRASH/Hyperkalemia
 • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp
 • ACS
 • Drugs
 •
Abscess • Sick sinus ... Spondylarthropathies Other causes ... Athletes • Carotid sinus ... Failure of permanent pacemaker ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Neurocardiogenic:
 • Vasovagal
 • Orthostatic Hypotension
 • Autonomic Neuropathy
 • Situational (micturition,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... : • Sick Sinus ... /3rd degree AV Block ... • Pacemaker ... #causes
Shock - Differential Diagnosis by Classification
Reflex Syncope 
 - Vasovagal syncope
   • Prolonged standing
Differential Diagnosis by Classification ... pauses • AV ... block - Tachyarrhythmias ... Differential #Diagnosis #Classification ... #Table #Causes