12 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
- Emergency Causes ... Differential Diagnosis ... or absent lower extremity ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #neurology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Reflexes: • Knee ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Commonly caused ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... sensory #motor #leg #physicalexam
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... - Differential Diagnosis ... #Effusions #causes ... #differential #diagnosis ... #msk #physicalexam
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Upper Extremity ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... #UpperLimb #Extremity ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... sensory #motor #arm #physicalexam
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
- Differential Diagnosis ... cyanosis - Cool extremity ... #differential #diagnosis ... #lower #extremity ... #msk #physicalexam
Rare Causes of Abdominal Pain
 • Hereditary Angioneurotic Edema - Recurrent visceral that may by swelling
Rare Causes of Abdominal ... arcuate ligament syndrome ... - Extremely lean ... patient is in the knee-to-chest ... #differential #diagnosis
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... paralysis of all extremity ... respiratory and bulbar ... Guillain-Barre Diagnosis ... #diagnosis #management
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... Incidence: 1 to 2 cases ... paralysis of all extremity ... : • Lumber Puncture ... Guillain #Barre #Syndrome
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... , lower extremity ... and/or bulbar region
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
breathing has a number ... of causes, including ... hyperventilation syndrome—a ... Abnormalities #Abnormal #Diagnosis ... #PhysicalExam