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Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Syndrome: • Prevalence ... syndrome (CES) is ... Syndrome: • large ... Guillain-Barre syndrome
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... spine Signs / Symptoms ... #CaudaEquina #Syndrome ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #symptoms #signs
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
- Spinal Cord Syndromes ... Brown-Séquard Syndrome ... Syndrome: • Etiology ... Syndrome: • Etiology ... #syndromes #lesions
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Syndrome -> Anterior ... Syndrome ->Cord ... Syndrome -> Posterior ... Brown-Sequard Syndrome ... #signs #symptoms
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... roots -> Cauda equina ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... extremity and/or bulbar ... spinalcord #disorders #diagnosis
Rhombencephalitis
BACTERIAL
- Listeria (biphasic illness with bulbar dysfunction occurring later)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Pneumococcus
- Brucella
- Borrelia (Lyme Disease)
-
Rabies - Eastern Equine ... polychondritis - Sjogren's syndrome ... - Bickerstaff syndrome ... (bulbar symptoms ... opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... : • Lumber Puncture ... than one after symptom ... roots and cauda equina ... Guillain #Barre #Syndrome
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Pneumonia: • 3 syndromes ... of a "flu-like syndrome ... Constitutional symptoms ... Rhodococcus Equi
Hypertrophic Pachymeningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Pachymeningitis is a rare condition that causes areas of a layer
- Differential Diagnosis ... surrounds the spinal cord ... cause different symptoms ... Secondary: iatrogenic (lumbar ... brain sagging syndrome