8 results
Upper Motor Neuron (UMN) lesions are lesions occurring anywhere in the CNS from the brain up
the differential diagnosis ... LMN syndromes are ... This lesion causes ... and a positive Babinski ... reflex, presenting
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... cord • Guillain-Barre ... extremity muscle atrophy ... #diagnosis #causes
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
- Causes progressive ... and LMN signs in ... and LMN signs to ... and LMN signs on ... EMG: LMN Signs in
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Guillain-Barre Syndrome ... Decreased / Absent Reflexes ... Albuminocytologic dissociation ... roots and cauda equina ... #Syndrome #diagnosis
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Causes: • Large ... of normal leg reflexes ... pathophysiology #diagnosis ... #symptoms #signs
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
and signs below ... roots -> Cauda equina ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... : Areflexia UMN ... Loss of muscle (atrophy
Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS)
Acute autoimmune demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness
Epidemiology:
 • Incidence: 1
Guillain-Barré Syndrome ... depressed deep tendon reflexes ... than one after symptom ... roots and cauda equina ... #Syndrome #diagnosis
Autoimmune Myositis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Myopathies: Commonly symmetric proximal muscle weakness, no substantial muscle pain
- Differential Diagnosis ... myopathies Diagnostic ... papules and Gottron sign ... ) • Shawl sign ... statins - probably caused