2897 results
Loss of Consciousness in Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Syncopal causes:
• Orthostatic syncope
• Reflex syncope
• Cardiac arrhythmia
•
Framework Syncopal causes ... Nonsyncopal causes ... Intoxication • Metabolic disturbance
Causes of Gait Disturbance - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Sporadic
 • Vascular
 • Infection
 • Toxic
 • Nutrition
Causes of Gait Disturbance ... Disease #Gait #Disturbance ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Altered Mental Status - Differential Diagnosis
 • Neurologic: Stroke, Cerebral hypoxia, Cerebral hemorrhage, Seizure, Trauma, TBI,
Metabolic: Electrolyte disturbance ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... Anesthesia • Sensory disturbance ... • Pain/sensory disturbance
Causes of Apparent Life Threatening Event (ALTE) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Congenital Heart Disease
 •
Causes of Apparent ... • Electrolyte Disturbances ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
from organs with disturbance ... Intestine - Other causes
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
genital sensory disturbance ... - Emergency Causes ... weakness and sensory disturbances ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
drop and sensory disturbance ... Commonly caused
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... failure, neurologic disturbance ... renovascular or endocrine causes ... Causes: • Vascular ... Hypertension #Workup #causes
Fatigue and IBD Algorithm
 • 40-50% patients have fatigue despite clinical remission
 • Risk factors: BMI,
Depression, sleep disturbance ... /other causes