6 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... • Cystitis • Bladder ... decompression • Diverticulum ... Urethritis • Urethral diverticulum ... #renal #urine #blood
Guide to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI)

What to ask/look for: 
 - HPI, PMH, full ROS
AKI) What to ask ... /Cr - Renal/bladder ... rhabdo/TLS) Causes ... Atheroemboli — 1% #AcuteKidneyInjury ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Lower Urinary Tract Infections: Complications
 - Infection damages the urinary tract epithelium causing fibroblast proliferation and
extends above the bladder ... gain access to blood ... urea which may cause ... UrinaryTractInfection #LUTI #Pathophysiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... • As soon as bladder ... CaudaEquina #Syndrome #MSK ... #pathophysiology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
, and bowel or bladder ... 10-33% develop MS ... monophasic Pathophysiology ... Autonomic: Bowel/Bladder ... • Infectious causes
Fracture Healing (and disruptors of this process)
Inflammatory Stage (0-7d)
 • Fracture disrupts local blood vessels ->
disrupts local blood ... Fluoroquinolones - Causes ... #Orthopedics #msk ... #Staging #pathophysiology