8 results
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
Distal Renal Tubular ... diagnosis with direct urine ... Failure to acidify urine ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Nephrology #Causes
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric ... Managment: • Pain ... Monitoring for extra-renal ... #Management #Pediatrics ... #nephrology #nephrolithiasis
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... Proximal RTA, Distal ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Metabolic Causes ... of Kidney Stones ... Calcium Phosphate: Distal ... #Kidney #Stones ... #pediatrics #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
arterial volume (↓distal ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... lysis) ± Urine ... 20 suggests ↓ distal ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Gastroenterology Endoscopy Tools and Accessories - A Visual Catalog for Trainees and Young Gastroenterologists
Biopsy Forceps:
large lesions • DISTAL ... mucosa Stricture Management ... energy or heat to cause ... Used to provide dearer ... , therapeutic, pediatric
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
• Metabolic alkalosis ... irrigation • Management ... insipidus • Kidney stones ... caused by Ca2+ ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
of cells on the distal ... • Hypokalemia (renal ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology