19 results
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
: Red/Dark urine ... 1ml blood/liter urine ... Causes of Hematuria ... #urology #nephrology ... #renal #urine #
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
Distal Renal Tubular ... diagnosis with direct urine ... Failure to acidify urine ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... → Refer to Nephrology ... for renal biopsy ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Hyperkalemic Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) Type 4 - 

Failure to acidify urine in collecting duct
Hyperkalemic Distal ... Renal Tubular Acidosis ... Failure to acidify urine ... Hyperkalemic #Diagnosis #Management ... #Nephrology #RenalTubular
Hematuria in Post-Renal Transplant Patient
Prevalence up to 12% in the postrenal transplant patient
 • Bacterial: Escherichia
Hematuria in Post-Renal ... TheIDtrivia #Hematuria ... kidney #blood #urine ... #management #treatment ... #nephrology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... syndrome (blue diaper ... : • Hematuria, ... : • Hematuria, ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
, proteinuria, hematuria ... Anti-GBM antibody • Urine ... : UA, Urine protein ... Goodpasture's cause ... differential #diagnosis #management
Urinalysis & Urine Sodium 
Theophilus Protospatharius, a seventh-century physician who wrote the first manuscript focused exclusively
: Visual exam ... • Urinary casts ... used with normal renal ... #UNa #casts #glucosuria ... #hematuria
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
A urine K/Cr ratio ... suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... Proximal RTA, Distal ... differential #potassium #nephrology
Management of Pediatric Kidney Stones
Acute Managment:
 • Pain relief: NSAIDs, opioids
 • Facilitating passage of stone:
Management of Pediatric ... Kidney Stones Acute Managment ... retrieve stone using urine ... Monitoring for extra-renal ... #Pediatrics #nephrology