18 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... Proximal and distal RTA ... #Algorithm #causes ... #potassium #low ... #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... starts by measuring ... • Renal tubular ... #nephrology #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Diagnosis Poor ... Mineralocorticoid excess - Renal ... #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... causes • Laxative ... , Distal RTA, DKA ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #low
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... Potassium-sparing ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... • Recent IV potassium ... SLE • Type IV RTA ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Acidosis - RTA ... Renal artery stenosis ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... • Recent IV potassium ... SLE • Type IV RTA ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Hypokalemia Diagnostic Algorithm
To assess potassium excretion: perform 24-hour urine collection or alternatively obtain potassium-to-creatinine ratio on
Hypokalemia Diagnostic ... ratio on a spot ... values suggest renal ... #Hypokalemia #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #TTKG #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... Renin/Aldosterone, RTA ... tourniquet / IVF line draw ... Elimination (see Table ... #nephrology #K