17 results
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... lumbar spine Signs ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Sensory loss below ... saddle anesthesia. leg ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics ... #neurology
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Diagnosis Framework ... Sciatica • Tarsal tunnel ... #differential #diagnosis ... lower #extremity #msk ... #physicalexam
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
• Cauda Equina Syndrome ... Neuropathy - Foot drop ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #neurology #sensory ... #motor #leg #physicalexam
Incomplete spinal cord syndromes (ISCS)
 • Central - Small Lesion - Suspended sensory deficit, classic cape
Incomplete spinal cord syndromes ... LMN deficit at level ... positive Romberg sign ... multiradicular pain, leg ... #diagnosis #neurology
NINDS Diagnostic Criteria for Guillain Barre Syndrome 
Features Required for Guillain-Barré Syndrome:
 • Progressive muscle weakness
involvement, Mild sensory ... symptoms or signs ... level • Central ... nervous system signs ... #neurology #neuropathy
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Other brainstem syndromes ... myelitis: Motor and sensory ... Manifestations #diagnosis ... #neurology #symptoms ... #signs
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Wrist drop - Occurs ... Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis ... #neurology #sensory ... #motor #arm #physicalexam
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Partial myelitis • Sensory ... • Or brainstem syndromes ... Multiple Sclerosis Diagnosis ... objective evidence of neurologic ... #management #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... of sensory loss ... multiradicular pain - Leg ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology