37 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... Deep coma (any cause ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... diagnosis #table #neurology
Massive Pericardial Effusion on Echocardiogram (A4C) demonstrating ECG alternans motion
Massive pericardial effusion, female metastatic breast cancer
Echocardiogram (A4C ... demonstrating ECG ... Echocardiogram #malignant #clinical ... #cardiology #pocus ... #a4c #electrical
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
metastases, Infection (e.g ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... disease, Drugs (e.g ... Classification #Types #Nephrology
Large Pericardial Effusion on POCUS 

Good example of swinging heart in pre tamponade. Reason for electrical
Effusion on POCUS ... EKG from same patient ... electrical #alternans #POCUS ... Echocardiogram #A4C ... #Clinical #Cardiology
Massive Pericardial Effusion on Echocardiogram (S4C) demonstrating ECG alternans motion
Massive pericardial effusion, female metastatic breast cancer
Massive Pericardial ... Echocardiogram (S4C ... demonstrating ECG ... Echocardiogram #malignant #clinical ... #cardiology #pocus
Constrictive Pericarditis on POCUS Echocardiogram - Apical 3-Chamber View

Young Lupus patient admitted to hospital new onset
Pericarditis on POCUS ... Also has pericardial ... Septal bounce, etc ... Echocardiogram #clinical ... #cardiology #A3C
Causes of Polyuria - Differential Diagnosis
Excess Intake of Water:
 • Primary polydipsia (a.k.a. "psychogenic polydipsia")
 •
Causes of Polyuria ... SGLT2 inhibitors (e.g ... Hereditary, Lithium, Hypercalcemia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Pisa Syndrome (pleurothotonus) on Physical Exam
A tonic flexion of the trunk of the body to one
Caused commonly ... by: - drugs (e.g ... neurodegenerative disorders (eg ... #PhysicalExam #clinical ... #neurology #posture
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
risk factors (eg ... hypertension (eg ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... hypertension (eg ... Neurologic disorders
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Acellular Casts ... • Hyaline Casts ... colored compounds (e.g ... heme, bilirubin, etc ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology