13 results
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... • Effusion • Cardiac ... Angina • Acute ... • Pulmonary Embolism ... Pulmonary - Other • Anemia
Chest Pain - Diagnosis and Workup Algorithm

History and Exam
Acute life-threatening causes:
 • Acute myocardial infarction
 •
and Exam Acute ... life-threatening causes ... • Pulmonary embolism ... • Cardiac tamponade ... : • EKG • Bedside
Intraoperative Circulatory Embolus - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Causes: thrombus, fat, amniotic fluid, air/gas.
Signs: hypotension, tachycardia,
Intraoperative Circulatory ... ETCO2 Symptoms: dyspnoea ... unexplained loss of cardiac ... Tell surgeon to flood ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Vascular Joint Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
 - Constant Pain (Ischemia)
 - Acute Onset
 -
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... (Ischemia) - Acute ... • Sickle Cell Anemia ... compressing the blood ... #Orthopedics #Causes
Intraoperative Cardiac Ischaemia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

If the patient is unconscious, signs of cardiac
Intraoperative Cardiac ... invasive arterial blood ... calcium. ❽ Treat anaemia ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia #Intraoperative ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
Microbiology: Blood ... Culture (+): Acute ... Heart Failure • Dyspnea ... • Blood cultures ... Leukocytosis, anemia
Endocarditis - Overview and Differential Diagnosis Framework

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV
Microbiology: Blood ... Culture Positive: • Acute ... heart failure • Dyspnea ... cause injury by ... Leukocytosis, anemia
Intraoperative Anaphylaxis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Unexplained hypotension
• Unexplained bronchospasm (wheeze may be absent
Intraoperative Anaphylaxis ... ❻ If systolic blood ... -10 ml clotted blood ... as patient is stable ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Cardiac Arrest - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

The probable cause is one or more of: something
• Check ECG rhythm ... Anaphylaxis (→ 3-1) Embolism ... 3-5) Massive blood ... Anesthesiology #Anesthesia #Intraoperative ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Intraoperative Tachycardia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Tachycardia in theatre is often due to inadequate depth
Intraoperative Tachycardia ... obtain 12-lead ECG ... hypovolaemia; primary cardiac ... ); circulatory embolus ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup