42 results
Alice in Wonderland Syndrome
What? Metamorphophsia - Distortions of the visual perceptions with changes in size (micro
• Infection (e.g ... encephalitis) • Brain lesions ... (e.g. stroke, tumor ... Wonderland #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #neurology #differential
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... nodules, may also see ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Deep coma (any cause ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
Hyperkalemia shortens repolarization; changes in the T wave provide the earliest clues to hyperpotassemia.
 - At
prolonged PR and QT ... ST segment may be ... #Diagnosis #Hyperkalemia ... #EKG #ECG #Changes ... #Progression #Table
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... Polyuria scheme) e.g ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
colored compounds (e.g ... heme, bilirubin, etc ... - Believed to be ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology ... interpretation #diagnosis
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... be divided into ... - Infection (e.g ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
WOBBLER  for ECG assessment in Syncope 
W - Wolff Parkinson White 
O - Obstructed AV
WOBBLER for ECG ... caused by left ... Mnemonic #Syncope #EKG ... #ECG #Diagnosis ... #Cardiology
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
RBC casts in urine ... may be in nephrotic ... May be 10 (eg direct ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Cardiac Stress Testing
Exercise:
 • Everyone who can exercise should!
 • They must be able to raise
• They must be able ... production to cause ... : EKG ($), ECHO ... Stress #Testing #cardiology ... #management #diagnosis