35 results
Hyperkalemia shortens repolarization; changes in the T wave provide the earliest clues to hyperpotassemia.
 - At
Hyperkalemia shortens ... prolonged PR and QT ... #Diagnosis #Hyperkalemia ... #EKG #ECG #Changes ... #Progression #Table
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Poor ... #Low #Potassium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
- Hypokalemia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Low #Magnesium ... #Table #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification
Class I (Ia, Ib, Ic) - Na+ Channel Blockade
 • Slows depolarization
Vaughan Williams Classification ... potential • Prolongs QT ... VaughanWilliams #Classification ... #Classes #cardiology ... #pharmacology
Classification of Diabetes Insipidus

Central or neurogenic diabetes insipidus:
 - Congenital - Structural malformations affecting the hypothalamus
Classification of ... uropathy, Metabolic causes ... (e.g., hypokalemia ... #Types #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Antiarrhythmics - Vaughan Williams Classification:
CLASS 1 - Sodium Channel Blockers:
 • MOA: Block fast Na+ channels
Vaughan Williams Classification ... Duration) - ↑ QT ... Vaughan #Williams #Pharmacology ... #Classification ... #Classes #pathophysiology
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... #differential #diagnosis ... #table #neurology
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology Summary
Cardiac Conduction Phases:
Phase 0 - Ventricular Depolarization:
 • Na+ channels open leading to a
Antiarrhythmics Pharmacology ... Vaughan Williams Classification ... Duration) - ↑ QT ... Antiarrhythmics #Pharmacology ... #Classification
Causes of Hyperkalemia - Reduced Excretion - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Reduced flow through distal nephron - TTKG
Causes of Hyperkalemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... EABV (e.g., CHF ... IntercellularShift #Nephrology ... #Algorithm #Causes
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
disruption —+ charge ... May be 10 (eg direct ... Nephrotic #Syndromes #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis