12 results
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
- Differential Diagnosis ... in kidneys) - Medications ... - Chronic hypokalemia ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Table #Causes
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Renal Loses - Medications ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... Classification #Causes ... #Workup #hypomg
Hyperkalemia shortens repolarization; changes in the T wave provide the earliest clues to hyperpotassemia.
 - At
Hyperkalemia shortens ... prolonged PR and QT ... #Diagnosis #Hyperkalemia ... #EKG #ECG #Changes ... #Progression #Table
Common Medications Known to Prolong QTc
Antiarrhythmics - Amiodarone, sotalol, flecainide, quinidine, dronedarone, dofetilide
Vasopressors/inotropes - Epinephrine, norepinephrine,
Common Medications ... Known to Prolong QTc ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #pharmacology ... #table
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... and Differential Diagnosis ... with previously stable ... #Hypertension #Workup ... #Diagnosis #indications
How do you work up an ischemic CVA?
A) Initial Evaluation
 • ABCs
 • IV access, monitor
How do you work ... Finger glucose • Medication ... Cardioembolic: • ECG ... #CVA #stroke #workup ... #diagnosis #checklist
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... reabsorption) Workup ... heparinized tube) • ECG ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table
Cardiac Arrest - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia

The probable cause is one or more of: something
• Check ECG rhythm ... Hypovolaemia Hypo/hyperkalaemia ... CardiacArrest #Checklist ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Workup
Intraoperative  Bradycardia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
Bradycardia in theatre should not be treated as
Consider known drug causes ... myocardial infarction, hyperkalaemia ... Intraoperative #Checklist ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Workup #Cardiology
Intraoperative Anaphylaxis - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
• Unexplained hypotension
• Unexplained bronchospasm (wheeze may be absent
alternate vasopressor (e.g ... as patient is stable ... Intraoperative #Checklist ... #Diagnosis #Management ... #Workup