12 results
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
- Cirrhosis Syndrome ... - Malignancy (e.g ... CNS pathology (e.g ... pathology (e.g. ... #Diagnosis #Table
Small Vessel Vasculitides
 • Granulomatosis with polyangiitis - Granulomatous manifestations (e.g., nasal crusting, destructive sinusitis, pulmonary
manifestations (e.g ... destructive sinusitis, pulmonary ... retroorbital mass) • Microscopic ... and Sjogren's syndrome ... Vasculitides #vasculitis #differential
Urine Microscopy Crystals
Uric Acid crystals:
 - Formation promoted by acidic urine
 - Seen in tumor lysis
Urine Microscopy ... in tumor lysis syndrome ... urease-producing organisms (e.g ... #Crystals #comparison ... #table #urinalysis
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
polyneuropathy (e.g ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Testing #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... colored compounds (e.g ... heme, bilirubin, etc ... #Casts #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
polyangiitis), MPA (microscopic ... coagulopathy) • CBC w differential ... recent DAN) • EMG ... FINDINGS: • U/A: microscopic ... #differential #
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Proteinuria - Differential ... • Fanconi's syndrome ... polyangiitis (GPA) / microscopic ... Protein deposition (eg ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Weakness - Differential ... disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary ... etc) • CNS -> ... electromyographic (EMG ... #Diagnosis #neurology
Causes of ST Segment Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Framework

STEMI:
 • Upsloping convex STE: "Pardee's sign" +
Segment Elevation - Differential ... QRS complex Pulmonary ... Segment #Elevation #differential ... diagnosis #cardiology #ecg ... #ekg #electrocardiogram
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Lactic Acidosis - Differential ... by excretion (e.g ... its metabolism (e.g ... output - Acute pulmonary ... - Compartment syndrome