37 results
Etiologies of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
GI losses / Insensible losses
Sodium Overload
Transcellular Movement of Water
Central Diabetes Insipidus
- Chronic hypokalemia ... - Various renal ... renal amyloidosis ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes
Hyperkalemia shortens repolarization; changes in the T wave provide the earliest clues to hyperpotassemia.
 - At
Hyperkalemia shortens ... repolarization causes ... prolonged PR and QT ... #EKG #ECG #Changes ... #Progression #Table
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Causes of Fatigue ... Metabolic • Renal ... Liver Failure • Hypercalcemia ... Neoplastic / Hematologic ... Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... Summary Causes ... Herpes, Coxsackie, etc ... per day until stable ... #causes #treatment
Checklist Approach to Hypokalemia

Consider risk factors for arrhythmia:
 - EKG changes (especially QT prolongation)
 - Digoxin
changes (especially QT ... 3.5 - Severe renal ... monitoring depend on renal ... monitoring depend on renal ... #Management #CriticalCare
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Diagnosis and Management ... Herpes, Coxsackie etc ... per day until stable ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... #Summary #causes
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
by Mechanism Renal ... IV Mg infusion (e.g ... High #Magnesium #Table ... #Causes #Management
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
hemorrhage) - Pulmonary ... pathology (e.g. ... Suppressed - Advanced renal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Emergent Hyperkalemia Treatment Algorithm
ECG changes, weakness, K+ >6.5 Or renal insufficiency with K >5.5 with cellular
Emergent Hyperkalemia ... Treatment Algorithm ECG ... weakness, K+ >6.5 Or renal ... ) ECG changes ... Treatment #Algorithm #Management
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Excretion: - Renal ... heparinized tube) • ECG ... 15 suggests ↓ renal ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table