24 results
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Framework and Management ... Summary Causes ... Herpes, Coxsackie, etc ... #causes #treatment ... #nephrology
Causes of Fatigue - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Endocrine
 • Hypo/Hyperthyroidism
 • Diabetes
 • Pituitary Insufficiency
 • Adrenal
Causes of Fatigue ... Liver Failure • Hypercalcemia ... Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary ... Disease Neurologic ... Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
with previously stable ... heart failure, neurologic ... disorders including hypokalemia ... Hyperthyroidism, Hypercalcemia ... Neurologic disorders
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
and Management ... heparinized tube) • ECG ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 • Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Acellular Casts ... suggestive of nephrotic sydnrome ... colored compounds (e.g ... heme, bilirubin, etc ... Urine #Microscopy #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis and Management Summary

Trauma:
 • Immobilization, Crush iniury, Compartment syndrome, Electrical injury
Exertional:
 •
Diagnosis and Management ... Herpes, Coxsackie etc ... per day until stable ... Dialysis for severe hyperkalemia ... #Summary #causes
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
Diagnosis and Management ... hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcemia ... symptoms are not caused ... of diagnosis (e.g ... Pulmonary: dyspnea
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... chloroquine, steroids, etc ... or induced) #Hypokalemia ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Recurrent Polymorphic VT/Torsades de Pointes - Management Algorithm
Drugs that prolong QT interval:
 • Class 1a (quinidine,
Torsades de Pointes - Management ... Syndrome Electrolyte ... Hypomagnesemia • Hypokalemia ... 1b (lidocaine)- case ... TorsadesdePointes #TDP #Management