178 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Findings Causes ... • Milk-alkali syndrome ... #ECG #Electrocardiogram ... #Differential # ... Causes #Diagnosis
Causes of Erythema Nodosum - Mnemonic

NO cause found in 60% of cases
Drugs (antibiotics e.g., sulfonamides, amoxicillin)
Oral
Causes of Erythema ... Mnemonic NO cause ... Drugs (antibiotics e.g ... Sarcoidosis or Lofgren's syndrome ... #Differential #
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
polyneuropathy (e.g ... Guillain-Barré syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism, Serotonin syndrome ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis
Chloride depletion syndromes
 • Gastrointestinal losses
    -
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis - Differential ... Chloruretic drugs (eg ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Causes
Causes of Sudden Cardiac Arrest
Primary Myocardial Processes (> 90%):
 • Acquired structural heart disease: CAD, Most
Causes of Sudden ... Channelopathies: Long/short QT ... Acquired long QT ... Arrest #cardiology #differential ... #diagnosis #causes
Myocarditis - Diagnosis and Causes
 • Clinical presentation: Pseudo-acute coronary syndrome, Cardiac failure <3 rnonths, Cardiogenic
Pseudo-acute coronary syndrome ... Recent flu-like syndrome ... Paraclinical assessment: EKG ... pericarditis • Rule out differential ... #Myocarditis #differential
Short Stature - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Variant, Normal Puberty Onset (BA = CA)
 • Familial Short
Short Stature - Differential ... • Turner Syndrome ... Panhypopituitarism Treatment ... #ShortStature #Differential ... endocrinology #causes
Hypermagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism
Renal Failure 
Excessive Mg Administration 
 - Massive PO intake
IV Mg infusion (e.g ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... Hypermagnesemia #Differential ... High #Magnesium #Table ... #Causes #Management
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis by Mechanism
Decr Blood Pressure (“Decr Effective Circulating Volume”) 
 - Volume depletion
Hyponatremia - Differential ... - Cirrhosis Syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Table ... #Causes #Sodium
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
cardiac syncope, e.g ... carotid sinus syndrome ... syncope (ruling out differential ... and an initial ECG ... The treatment strategy