22 results
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
- Differential ... disturbance (obstructed liver ... Highest • Bone • Liver ... biliary Cholangitis (PBC ... #Differential #
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

1) Environment
  - Fragmentation
  - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
HELLP - Grafts, Valves ... Defects, Drugs, Liver ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Blood Smear ↑ abnormal ... #Diagnosis #hematology
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
- Differential ... Autoimmune hepatitis, PBC ... stone, Malignancy, PBC ... Bilirubin - +/- elevation ... Enzyme Elevation
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Volume (MCV) - Differential ... Neutrophils - Low RBC ... • Pancreatic Disease ... Disease #Macrocytic ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
) - Summary PBC ... 30-65 years PBC ... cholestasis → Cirrhosis/Liver ... or higher • Liver ... bile ducts Differential
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Interpretation of LFTs R-value ... of cholestatic disease ... disease: > 2 ... chemistry #diagnosis #differential ... #Hepatology #transaminitis
Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
 -
Drug-induced AIHA - Abnormal ... Cold AIHA • PCH ... immune-complex hemolytic anemia ... Prosthetic heart valves ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
Clinically significant ... ) Differential ... • Autoimmune diseases ... appreciate the value ... #CBC #hematology
Liver Disease in Pregnancy
Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy (ICP)
 • Onset/Trimester: 25-32 weeks
 • Typical clinical features:
Liver Disease in ... to 10-20-fold elevation ... to 10-20-fold elevation ... #Disease #Pregnancy ... hepatitis #comparison #differential
Abnormal liver function tests algorithm.
 This figure details the initial response to abnormal liver blood tests.
Abnormal liver function ... magnitude of enzyme elevation ... body mass index; FBC ... disease; T2DM, ... #Differential #