13 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Losses: • Normal Acid-Base ... • Metabolic acidosis ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes ... potassium #low #nephrology
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
with short bowel syndrome ... salicylate toxicity causes ... underexcretion of acids ... Diagnosis #GOLDMARK #mnemonic ... #nephrology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... And BMP Normal Values ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... : - CNS depression ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
- Differential ... Renal tubular acidosis ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... #hypokalemia #differential ... #nephrology #potassium
Mydriasis and Miosis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Causes of Mydriasis:
Dilated pupils (mydriasis) more than 7mm
 • Unilateral
Mydriasis and Miosis - Differential ... Unilateral Mydriasis: CN ... response, Serotonin syndrome ... Miosis: Horner's syndrome ... Bromides, Valproic acid
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Diagnosis- Compatible syndrome ... PCR 50% sensitive ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Causes of Metabolic ... Alkalosis: Differential ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
lumbar spine • MCC ... (CES) is usually ... dysfunction SPINE Mnemonic ... #differential # ... #neurology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
- Differential ... www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc ... to bolus these values ... - Compartment syndrome ... #Elevation #Differential