11 results
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Chronic progressive kidney ... #NonGap #Metabolic ... #Acidosis #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Causes of Secondary / Provoked Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Febrile
Infection
 • Sepsis
 • Encephalitis
 • Meningitis
Metabolic
Secondary / Provoked Seizures ... - Differential ... • Meningitis Metabolic ... Hyperglycemia • Hypocalcemia ... #Neurology #Differential
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... - Differential ... Neurocysticercosis, PML • Metabolic ... Hypomagnesemia, Hypocalcemia ... Algorithm #Causes #neurology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... Hippurate - Metabolic ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology
Differential Diagnosis: New-Onset Seizure in the Elderly

STRUCTURAL:
 • Stroke/TIA, Subdural hematoma, mass
 • Traumatic Brain Injury
Differential Diagnosis ... METABOLIC - Electrolyte ... Hyponatremia • Hypocalcemia ... Hyponatremia • Hypocalcemia ... #Neurology #Geriatrics
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Heat stroke - Metabolic ... exertion/training - Seizures ... nephrotoxicity to kidney ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... previously stable values ... disturbance, or acute kidney ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Neurologic disorders
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
hypomagnesemia • Metabolic ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... tachycardia • Seizures ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rhabdomyolysis = Destruction of skeletal muscle with leakage of contents into circulation.
Strenuous exercise, Seizures ... Glycogenolysis, Lipid metabolism ... malignant syndrome • Metabolic ... Electrolytes: Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
Lactic Acidosis - Differential ... impairment of cellular metabolism ... sweat) - its metabolism ... to bolus these values ... - Shock - Hypovolemia